In our previous article, Digging Deeper: BFW/Marcum Now Offers Archaeology Services, we expanded our in-house cultural resources services with the addition of archaeology. Now, let’s explore why integrating archaeology into the engineering and planning process is not just beneficial but essential.
A Proactive Approach
Archaeology isn’t just about uncovering the past. It also shapes how communities understand themselves and informs future growth. According to Matt Mattes, Archaeologist at BFW/Marcum, considering archaeological impacts during the planning stage of projects can prevent crucial cultural knowledge from being lost or erased.
“Integrating archaeology early is about much more than compliance,” says Mattes. “It promotes equity, better design decisions, and fosters community acceptance. It’s also required by law for many projects.” Tens of thousands of archaeological investigations occur annually across the US.
When Should Archaeology Be Included?
The earlier, the better, Mattes emphasizes. Archaeological surveys should ideally begin during initial planning phases, well before permitting or construction. Doing so helps anticipate potential complications and avoids costly surprises later.
Mattes shares an experience from a previous project involving over 100 miles of sewer line installation through rural agricultural land with a rich indigenous history. Comprehensive field testing across the entire area was impractical, so Mattes and his team used existing archaeological data and geophysical assessments to develop a targeted monitoring plan.
“This early planning with Native American tribes and archaeologists was key,” explains Mattes. “It allowed us to anticipate issues and strategically monitor construction activities, ensuring no surprises arose that could delay or complicate the project.”
Risks of Overlooking Archaeology
When archaeology is considered too late or treated as an afterthought, projects risk delays, redesign costs, or even total shutdowns if significant artifacts are found unexpectedly.
“Balancing infrastructure needs with heritage preservation involves careful listening and thorough research,” Mattes notes. “We need infrastructure like sanitation systems, roads, and energy facilities. But equally, communities benefit from understanding and preserving their heritage. Humans thrive when they have a connection to their cultural identity.”
A Collaborative Effort
Mattes points out that effective archaeological integration comes down to daily collaboration. Engineers, planners, architects, and archaeologists regularly communicate to balance technical needs with cultural preservation.
“Our goal is simple,” says Mattes. “We help engineers and planners make informed decisions. By identifying and mitigating potential archaeological impacts early, we ensure projects respect cultural heritage while remaining efficient and cost-effective.”
In short, archaeology is more than the movies make it out to be. Its emphasis, instead, is about preserving the past and sustaining enduring community relations well into the future.
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